Publication Search Results

ID: 155908
Type: article
Authors: Basset, Yves; Palacios-Vargas, Jos; Donoso, David A.; Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela; Decaëns, Thibaud; Lamarre, Greg P.; De León, Luis F.; Rivera, Marleny; García-Gómez, Arturo; Perez, Filonila; Bobadilla, Ricardo; Lopez, Yacksecari; Ramirez, José Alejandro; Cruz, Maira Montejo; Galván, Angela Arango; Mejía-Recamier, Blanca E.; Barrios, Héctor
Keywords: STRI

ID: 154782
Type: article
Authors: Brown, John W.; Gripenberg, Sofia; Basset, Yves; Calderón, Osvaldo; Simon, Indira; Fernandez, Catalina; Cedeno, Marjorie; Rivera, Marleny
Keywords: NMNH; NH-Entomology; STRI
Abstract: A survey of Lepidoptera reared from seeds and fruits primarily on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, yielded 444 specimens of Tortricidae representing 20 species. Nearly 90% of reared tortricids and 65% of the species are members of the tribe Grapholitini, a group that includes numerous economically important pests of fruit worldwide. We present host records for the following species: Histura panamana Brown, Platynota obliqua Walsingham complex, Platynota subargentea Walsingham, Spinipogon triangularis Brown, Cryptaspasma perseana Gilligan and Brown, Steblopotamia streblopa (Meyrick), Cydia pyraspis (Meyrick) complex, Eriosocia guttifera (Meyrick), Riculorampha ancyloides Rota and Brown, Grapholita mabea Razowski, Ricula croceus Brown, Ricula lacistema Brown, Ricula sp. 1, Ricula sp. 2, Talponia sp. 1, Talponia sp. 2, and four unidentified Grapholitini. In a comparison of studies focused on fruit- and seed-feeding insects in Thailand, Panama, and Kenya, Grapholitini represented 73% (in Thailand) to 90% (in Panama) of the total number of reared specimens of Tortricidae, and 45% (in Kenya) to 65% (in Panama) of the total number of tortricid species. However, a similar survey in Papua New Guinea produced considerably different results, with Grapholitini representing 46% of the tortricid specimens and only 20% of the species.

ID: 154847
Type: article
Authors: Didham, Raphael K.; Basset, Yves; Collins, C. M.; Leather, Simon R.; Littlewood, Nick A.; Menz, Myles H. M.; Müller, Jörg; Packer, Laurence; Saunders, Manu E.; Schönrogge, Karsten; Stewart, Alan J. A.; Yanoviak, Stephen P.; Hassall, Christopher
Keywords: STRI
Abstract: Many insect species are under threat from the anthropogenic drivers of global change. There have been numerous well-documented examples of insect population declines and extinctions in the scientific literature, but recent weaker studies making extreme claims of a global crisis have drawn widespread media coverage and brought unprecedented public attention. This spotlight might be a double-edged sword if the veracity of alarmist insect decline statements do not stand up to close scrutiny. We identify seven key challenges in drawing robust inference about insect population declines: establishment of the historical baseline, representativeness of site selection, robustness of time series trend estimation, mitigation of detection bias effects, and ability to account for potential artefacts of density dependence, phenological shifts and scale-dependence in extrapolation from sample abundance to population-level inference. Insect population fluctuations are complex. Greater care is needed when evaluating evidence for population trends and in identifying drivers of those trends. We present guidelines for best-practise approaches that avoid methodological errors, mitigate potential biases and produce more robust analyses of time series trends. Despite many existing challenges and pitfalls, we present a forward-looking prospectus for the future of insect population monitoring, highlighting opportunities for more creative exploitation of existing baseline data, technological advances in sampling and novel computational approaches. Entomologists cannot tackle these challenges alone, and it is only through collaboration with citizen scientists, other research scientists in many disciplines, and data analysts that the next generation of researchers will bridge the gap between little bugs and big data.

ID: 154057
Type: article
Authors: Harvey, Jeffrey A.; Heinen, Robin; Armbrecht, Inge; Basset, Yves; Baxter-Gilbert, James; Bezemer, T. M.; Böhm, Monika; Bommarco, Riccardo; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Cardoso, Pedro; Clausnitzer, Viola; Cornelisse, Tara; Crone, Elizabeth E.; Dicke, Marcel; Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe B.; Dyer, Lee; Ellers, Jacintha; Fartmann, Thomas; Forister, Mathew L.; Furlong, Michael J.; García-Aguayo, Andres; Gerlach, Justin; Gols, Rieta; Goulson, Dave; Habel, Jan-Christian; Haddad, Nick M.; Hallmann, Caspar A.; Henriques, Sé; Herberstein, Marie E.; Hochkirch, Axel; Hughes, Alice C.; Jepsen, Sarina; Jones, T. H.; Kaydan, Bora M.; Kleijn, David; Klein, Alexandra-Maria; Latty, Tanya; Leather, Simon R.; Lewis, Sara M.; Lister, Bradford C.; Losey, John E.; Lowe, Elizabeth C.; Macadam, Craig R.; Montoya-Lerma, James; Nagano, Christopher D.; Ogan, Sophie; Orr, Michael C.; Painting, Christina J.; Pham, Thai-Hong; Potts, Simon G.; Rauf, Aunu; Roslin, Tomas L.; Samways, Michael J.; Sánchez-Bayo, Francisco; Sar, Sim A.; Schultz, Cheryl B.; Soares, António O.; Thancharoen, Anchana; Tscharntke, Teja; Tylianakis, Jason M.; Umbers, Kate D. L.; Vet, Louise E. M.; Visser, Marcel E.; Vujic, Ante; Wagner, David L.; WallisDeVries, Michiel F.; Westphal, Catrin; White, Thomas E.; Wilkins, Vicky L.; Williams, Paul H.; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.; Zhu, Zeng-Rong; de Kroon, Hans
Keywords: STRI

ID: 151496
Type: article
Authors: Basset, Yves; Ctvrtecka, Richard; Dahl, Chris; Miller, Scott E.; Quicke, Donald L. J.; Segar, Simon T.; Barrios, Hector; Beaver, Roger A.; Brown, John W.; Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh; Gripenberg, Sofia; Knizek, Milos; Kongnoo, Pitoon; Lewis, Owen T.; Pongpattananurak, Nantachai; Pramual, Pairot; Sakchoowong, Watana; Schutze, Mark
Keywords: STRI; NMNH; NH-Entomology
Abstract: Insect seed predators are important agents of mortality for tropical trees, but little is known about the impact of these herbivores in rainforests. During 3 years at Khao Chong (KHC) in southern Thailand we reared 17,555 insects from 343.2 kg or 39,252 seeds/fruits representing 357 liana and tree species. A commented list of the 243 insect species identified is provided, with details about their host plants. We observed the following. (i) Approximately 43% of identified species can be considered pests. Most were seed eaters, particularly on dry fruits. (ii) Approximately 19% of parasitoid species (all Opiinae) for which we could determine whether their primary insect host was a pest or not (all Bactrocera spp. breeding in fruits) can be considered beneficials. (iii) The seeds/fruits of approximately 28% of the plant species in this forest were free of attack. Phyllanthaceae, Rubiaceae and Meliaceae were attacked relatively infrequently; in contrast, Annonaceae, Fabaceae, Sapindaceae and Myristicaceae were more heavily attacked. There was no apparent effect of plant phylogeny on rates of attack but heavily attacked tree species had larger basal area in the KHC plot than rarely attacked tree species. (iv) Insects reared from fleshy fruits were more likely to show relatively stable populations compared to insects reared from dry fruits, but this was not true of insects reared from dipterocarps, which appeared to have relatively stable populations throughout the study period. We tentatively conclude that insects feeding on seeds and fruits have little effect on observed levels of host abundance in this forest.

ID: 151751
Type: article
Authors: Basset, Yves; Lamarre, Greg P. A.
Keywords: STRI

ID: 149830
Type: article
Authors: Basset, Yves; Miller, Scott E.; Gripenberg, Sofia; Ctvrtecka, Richard; Dahl, Chris; Leather, Simon R.; Didham, Raphael K.
Keywords: STRI; NMNH; NH-Entomology

ID: 153739
Type: article
Authors: Brown, John W.; Basset, Yves; Panmeng, Montarika; Putnaul, Sutipun; Miller, Scott E.
Keywords: NMNH; STRI; NH-Entomology

ID: 151753
Type: article
Authors: Dahl, Chris; Ctvrtecka, Richard; Gripenberg, Sofia; Lewis, Owen T.; Segar, Simon T.; Klimes, Petr; Sam, Katerina; Rinan, Dominic; Filip, Jonah; Lilip, Roll; Kongnoo, Pitoon; Panmeng, Montarika; Putnaul, Sutipun; Reungaew, Manat; Rivera, Marleny; Barrios, Hector; Davies, Stuart J.; Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh; Wright, S. Joseph; Weiblen, George D.; Novotny, Vojtech; Basset, Yves
Keywords: STRI

ID: 152688
Type: article
Authors: Didham, Raphael K.; Leather, Simon R.; Basset, Yves
Keywords: STRI

ID: 151898
Type: article
Authors: Gripenberg, Sofia; Basset, Yves; Lewis, Owen T.; Terry, J. Christopher D.; Wright, S. Joseph; Simón, Indira; Fernández, D. Catalina; Cedeño-Sanchez, Marjorie; Rivera, Marleny; Barrios, Héctor; Brown, John W.; Calderón, Osvaldo; Cognato, Anthony I.; Kim, Jorma; Miller, Scott E.; Morse, Geoffrey E.; Pinzón-Navarro, Sara; Quicke, Donald L. J.; Robbins, Robert K.; Salminen, Juha-Pekka; Vesterinen, Eero
Keywords: SERC; STRI; NH-Entomology; NMNH
Abstract: The top-down and indirect effects of insects on plant communities depend on patterns of host use, which are often poorly documented, particularly in species-rich tropical forests. At Barro Colorado Island, Panama, we compiled the first food web quantifying trophic interactions between the majority of co-occurring woody plant species and their internally feeding insect seed predators. Our study is based on more than 200 000 fruits representing 478 plant species, associated with 369 insect species. Insect host-specificity was remarkably high: only 20% of seed predator species were associated with more than one plant species, while each tree species experienced seed predation from a median of two insect species. Phylogeny, but not plant traits, explained patterns of seed predator attack. These data suggest that seed predators are unlikely to mediate indirect interactions such as apparent competition between plant species, but are consistent with their proposed contribution to maintaining plant diversity via the Janzen-Connell mechanism.

ID: 151906
Type: article
Authors: Luk, Chung-Lim; Basset, Yves; Kongnoo, Pitoon; Hau, Billy C. H.; Bonebrake, Timothy C.
Keywords: STRI
Abstract: Monitoring programs for diverse tropical butterfly assemblages are scarce, and temporal diversity patterns in these assemblages are poorly understood. We adopted an additive partitioning approach to determine how temporal butterfly species richness was structured at the levels of days, months, and years in five tropical/subtropical sites across three continents covering up to 9 years of monitoring. We found that observed butterfly richness was not uniformly distributed across temporal extents. Butterfly species composition differed across months and years, potentially accounting for the fact that temporal butterfly species richness contributed a high proportion to total species richness. We further examined how species richness of common and uncommon species (> and <0.5% of total abundance, respectively) were structured across temporal extents. The results showed that the common species relative contribution to total species richness was higher at lower-temporal levels, whereas uncommon species contributed more at higher-temporal resolutions. This suggests that long-term sampling will be more effective in capturing patterns of rare species and the total species pool while lower-temporal level sampling (e.g., daily or weekly) may be more useful in examining common species demographic patterns. We therefore encourage careful consideration of temporal replication at different extents in developing butterfly monitoring schemes. Long-term monitoring is essential for improvement in the resolution of species estimation and diversity patterns for tropical ecosystems. Abstract in Chinese is available with online material.

ID: 148700
Type: article
Authors: Redmond, Conor M.; Auga, John; Gewa, Bradley; Segar, Simon T.; Miller, Scott E.; Molem, Kenneth; Weiblen, George D.; Butterill, Philip T.; Maiyah, Gibson; Hood, Amelia S. C.; Volf, Martin; Jorge, Leonardo R.; Basset, Yves; Novotny, Vojtech
Keywords: NH-Entomology; NMNH
Abstract: Secondary succession is well-understood, to the point of being predictable for plant communities, but the successional changes in plant-herbivore interactions remains poorly explored. This is particularly true for tropical forests, despite the increasing importance of early successional stages in tropical landscapes. Deriving expectations from successional theory, we examine properties of plant-herbivore interaction networks while accounting for host phylogenetic structure along a succession chronosequence in montane rainforest in Papua New Guinea. We present one of the most comprehensive successional investigations of interaction networks, equating to >40 person years of field sampling, and one of the few focused on montane tropical forests. We use a series of nine 0.2ha forest plots across young secondary, mature secondary and primary montane forest, sampled almost completely for woody plants and larval leaf chewers (Lepidoptera), using forest felling. These networks comprised of 12,357 plant-herbivore interactions and were analysed using quantitative network metrics, a phylogenetically controlled host-use index and a qualitative network beta diversity measure. Network structural changes were low and specialisation metrics surprisingly similar throughout succession, despite high network beta diversity. Herbivore abundance was greatest in the earliest stages, and hosts here had more species-rich herbivore assemblages, presumably reflecting higher palatability due to lower defensive investment. All herbivore communities were highly specialised, using a phylogenetically narrow set of hosts, while host phylogenetic diversity itself decreased throughout the chronosequence. Relatively high phylogenetic diversity, and thus high diversity of plant defenses, in early succession forest may result in herbivores feeding on fewer hosts than expected. Successional theory, derived primarily from temperate systems, is limited in predicting tropical host-herbivore interactions. All succession stages harbour diverse and unique interaction networks, which together with largely similar network structures and consistent host use patterns, suggests general rules of assembly may apply to these systems. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ID: 151745
Type: article
Authors: Solé, Raphaële; Gripenberg, Sofia; Lewis, OwenT; Markesteijn, Lars; Barrios, Héctor; Ratz, Tom; Ctvrtecka, Richard; Butterill, Philip T.; Segar, Simon T.; Metz, Mark A.; Dahl, Chris; Rivera, Marleny; Viquez, Karina; Ferguson, Wessley; Guevara, Maikol; Basset, Yves
Keywords: STRI

ID: 153001
Type: article
Authors: Volf, Martin; Klimeš, Petr; Lamarre, Greg P. A.; Redmond, Conor M.; Seifert, Carlo L.; Abe, Tomokazu; Auga, John; Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J.; Basset, Yves; Beckett, Saul; Butterill, Philip T.; Drozd, Pavel; González-Akre, Erika; Kaman, Ondřej; Kamata, Naoto; Laird-Hopkins, Benita; Libra, Martin; Manumbor, Markus; Miller, Scott E.; Molem, Kenneth; Mottl, Ondřej; Murakami, Masashi; Nakaji, Tatsuro; Plowman, Nichola S.; Pyszko, Petr; Šigut, Martin; Šipoš, Jan; Tropek, Robert; Weiblen, George D.; Novotny, Vojtech
Keywords: NMNH; STRI; NH-Entomology; NZP
Abstract: Research on canopy arthropods has progressed from species inventories to the study of their interactions and networks, enhancing our understanding of how hyper-diverse communities are maintained. Previous studies often focused on sampling individual tree species, individual trees or their parts. We argue that such selective sampling is not ideal when analyzing interaction network structure, and may lead to erroneous conclusions. We developed practical and reproducible sampling guidelines for the plot-based analysis of arthropod interaction networks in forest canopies. Our sampling protocol focused on insect herbivores (leaf-chewing insect larvae, miners and gallers) and non-flying invertebrate predators (spiders and ants). We quantitatively sampled the focal arthropods from felled trees, or from trees accessed by canopy cranes or cherry pickers in 53 0.1 ha forest plots in five biogeographic regions, comprising 6,280 trees in total. All three methods required a similar sampling effort and provided good foliage accessibility. Furthermore, we compared interaction networks derived from plot-based data to interaction networks derived from simulated non-plot-based data focusing either on common tree species or a representative selection of tree families. All types of non-plot-based data showed highly biased network structure towards higher connectance, higher web asymmetry, and higher nestedness temperature when compared with plot-based data. Furthermore, some types of non-plot-based data showed biased diversity of the associated herbivore species and specificity of their interactions. Plot-based sampling thus appears to be the most rigorous approach for reconstructing realistic, quantitative plant-arthropod interaction networks that are comparable across sites and regions. Studies of plant interactions have greatly benefited from a plot-based approach and we argue that studies of arthropod interactions would benefit in the same way. We conclude that plot-based studies on canopy arthropods would yield important insights into the processes of interaction network assembly and dynamics, which could be maximised via a coordinated network of plot-based study sites.

ID: 151376
Type: article
Authors: Weiss, Matthias; Didham, Raphael K.; Procházka, Jiri; Schlaghamerský, Jiri; Basset, Yves; Odegaard, Frode; Tichechkin, Alexey; Schmidl, Juergen; Floren, Andreas; Curletti, Gianfranco; Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre; Bail, Johannes; Barrios, Hector; Leponce, Maurice; Medianero, Enrique; Fagan, Laura L.; Corbara, Bruno; Cizek, Lukas
Keywords: NMNH; NH-Entomology; STRI
Abstract: Forests are complex three-dimensional ecosystems, but little is known about the influence of vertical stratification of forest structure on biodiversity and species turnover. Saproxylic beetles make a substantial contribution to forest biodiversity and ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling. Management measures aimed at supporting saproxylic biodiversity are becoming an integral part of sustainable forest management practices. Yet, monitoring is carried out under the assumption that saproxylic activity at ground level will be a realistic reflection of saproxylic biodiversity in the forest as a whole. To investigate the validity of this assumption we compare vertical stratification and composition of saproxylic beetle assemblages between three forest types of varying altitude and latitude, including a tropical lowland forest in Panama, a temperate lowland forest and a temperate montane forest, both in the eastern Czech Republic. Beetles were sampled following a standardized sampling protocol using flight intercept traps arranged in vertical transects. Overall, the tropical forest was estimated to harbour two to three times more saproxylic beetle species than the temperate lowland and the montane forest, respectively. However, point richness estimates within vertical strata were remarkably similar between biomes. Species richness was similar in the understorey of all three forests. It peaked in the canopy of the tropical forest but in the understorey of temperate forests. So, while the beetle assemblages were clearly vertically stratified in all three forest types, stratification patterns varied markedly between tropical and temperate forests. This trend is driven primarily by the high richness of saproxylic beetles in the tropical forest canopy. However these richness differences belie the strong similarities in stratification of feeding guild composition observed all three forest types. This would tend to suggest that similar trophic structuring forces might operate across very different forest biomes of the world. Similarities in feeding guild composition suggest that management measures aiming at conserving biodiversity of saproxylic beetles are likely to be effective across different forest types. The differences in vertical stratification, however, suggest that understorey monitoring alone will be insufficient to understand management effects on saproxylic biodiversity. In the tropics, in particular, more emphasis will need to be placed on managing the diverse, three-dimensional structure of forest canopies as habitat for saproxylic beetles.

ID: 145996
Type: article
Authors: Basset, Yves; Dahl, Chris; Ctvrtecka, Richard; Gripenberg, Sofia; Lewis, Owen T.; Segar, Simon T.; Klimes, Petr; Barrios, Héctor; Brown, John W.; Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh; Butcher, Buntika A.; Cognato, Anthony I.; Davies, Stuart; Kaman, Ondrej; Knizek, Milos; Miller, Scott E.; Morse, Geoffrey E.; Novotny, Vojtech; Pongpattananurak, Nantachai; Pramual, Pairot; Quicke, Donald L. J.; Robbins, Robert K.; Sakchoowong, Watana; Schutze, Mark; Vesterinen, Eero J.; Wang, Wen-Zhi; Wang, Yun-yu; Weiblen, George; Wright, S. Joseph
Keywords: NH-Entomology; NMNH; STRI

ID: 144877
Type: article
Authors: Volf, Martin; Segar, Simon T.; Miller, Scott E.; Isua, Brus; Sisol, Mentap; Aubona, Gibson; Simek, Petr; Moos, Martin; Laitila, Juuso; Kim, Jorma; Zima, Jan; Rota, Jadranka; Weiblen, George D.; Wossa, Stewart; Salminen, Juha-Pekka; Basset, Yves; Novotny, Vojtech
Keywords: NMNH; NH-Entomology; STRI; SI-Castle
Abstract: Escalation (macroevolutionary increase) or divergence (disparity between relatives) in trait values are two frequent outcomes of the plant-herbivore arms race. We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric New Guinean figs. Herbivore generalists were concentrated on hosts with low protease and oxidative activity. The distribution of specialists correlated with phylogeny, protease and trichomes. Additionally, highly specialised Asota moths used alkaloid rich plants. The evolution of proteases was conserved, alkaloid diversity has escalated across the studied species, oxidative activity has escalated within one clade, and trichomes have diverged across the phylogeny. Herbivore specificity correlated with their response to host defences: escalating traits largely affected generalists and divergent traits specialists; but the effect of escalating traits on extreme specialists was positive. In turn, the evolution of defences in Ficus can be driven towards both escalation and divergence in individual traits, in combination providing protection against a broad spectrum of herbivores.