The Expanding 3 kpc Arms Are Neither Expanding nor Spiral Arms but X1 Orbits Driven by the Galactic BarDOI: info:10.3847/1538-4357/adb70fv. 982IOP185
Kumar, Jayender, Reid, Mark J., Dame, T. M., Ellingsen, Simon P., Hyland, Lucas J., Brunthaler, Andreas, Menten, Karl M., Zheng, Xing-Wu, and Sanna, Alberto. 2025. "The Expanding 3 kpc Arms Are Neither Expanding nor Spiral Arms but X1 Orbits Driven by the Galactic Bar." The Astrophysical Journal, 982 185. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb70f.